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Media Center
Reports
SOE Reports
SOE 2007
Egypt State of the Environment Report 2007
(Issued December 2008)
Cover
Index
Acknowledgement
Foreword
Methodology
Part 1: Air
Chapter 1: Air Pollution:
1.1
Introduction
1.2
Sources of Pollution
1.3
Air Pollution Harmful Impacts
1.4
Air Quality Indicators in Egypt
1.5
Causes of Severe Air Pollution Episodes
1.6
Efforts made by MSEA during 2007 for Improving Air Quality
1.7
Most Important Programs implemented to control pollution from vehicle exhausts
1.8
Objectives of the Five-Year Plan (2007 – 2012)
1.9
References
Chapter 2: Noise:
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Main Sources of Noise
2.3
Efforts made to Minimize the Adverse Impacts
2.4
Noise Levels Indicators for 2007
2.5
Future Plan
2.6
Terms and Definitions
Chapter 3: Climate Change:
3.1
Introduction
3.2
Climate Change Impact on Egypt
3.3
Egyptian Efforts to mitigate the Negative Impacts
3.4
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Achievements
Chapter 4: Ozone Layer Protection:
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Harmful Effects
4.3
Environmental Indicators
4.4
Efforts Made to Reduce Negative Impacts
4.5
Future Vision
Part 2: Water
Chapter 5: Fresh Water:
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Water Quality in the Nile
5.3
Lake Nasser Water Quality
5.4
Indicators of Water Quality in the River Nile and its Branches
5.5
Efforts made to Prevent Pollution of Fresh Water and Lakes
5.6
References
Chapter 6: Coastal and Marine Zones:
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Egyptian Coastal Water Environmental Monitoring Program
6.3
Mediterranean Coastal Water Quality
6.4
Coastal Water Quality in Red Sea and Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba
6.5
References
Part 3: Land
Chapter 7: Biodiversity:
7.1
Introduction
7.2
First: Biodiversity Status, Trends and Threats
7.3
Second: Current Status of Biodiversity National Strategies, Action Plans and Implementation Programs
7.4
Third: Mainstreaming and Assessment of Biodiversity Considerations in Relevant Sectors
7.5
Fourth: Conclusions and Future Priorities
7.6
Arabic Selected References
Chapter 8: Tree Planting, Forests and Green Areas & Belts:
8.1
Introduction
8.2
The Green Belt Around Greater Cairo (Cairo – Giza – Qaliubia)
8.3
Afforestation Using Treated Wastewater
8.4
Efforts Made in Planting trees, Green Areas & Parks
8.5
Future Plan (until 2012)
8.6
References
Part 4: Urban Environment
Chapter 9: Environmental Development of Informal Settlements:
9.1
Introduction
9.2
Upgrading Informal Settlements
9.3
MSEA Slums Upgrading Contributions in Collaboration with Integrated Care Society
9.4
Future Trends for Slums Environmental Development
Chapter 10: Energy:
10.1
Introduction
10.2
Energy Project Status Quo
10.3
Efforts to minimize Negative Impacts
10.4
Future Provision
10.5
References
Chapter 11: Industry:
11.1
Introduction
11.2
Pollution Sources
11.3
MSEA Efforts in Controlling Industrial Pollution Projects
11.4
Data Sources
Chapter 12: Solid Wastes Management:
12.1
Introduction
12.2
Quantities of SW Generated in Egypt
12.3
Current State of Municipal Solid Wastes in Egypt
12.4
Reasons Leading to Municipal Solid Wastes Problems
12.5
Efforts made to Minimize Negative Impacts
12.6
Future Vision
Chapter 13: Hazardous Materials and Wastes:
First: Hazardous Materials:
13.1
Introduction
13.2
Activities made for Hazardous Substance Control in 2007
Second: Hazardous Wastes:
13.3
Introduction
13.4
Status of Hazardous Wastes in Egypt
13.5
Potential Hazards from Manufacturing, Using and Recycling Plastic
13.6
Efforts made to Mitigate Negative Impacts of Plastic Wastes on the National Level
13.7
Efforts made on Hazardous Waste Management through International & Regional Cooperation
13.8
Future Vision
13.9
References
Chapter 14: EEAA Projects Receiving Foreign Support
List of Abbreviations Used in the Report
List of Some Environmental Abbreviations
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